Yards to Nanometers
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1 yard (yd) = 914400000 nanometer (nm). Yard (yd) is a unit of Length used in Standard system. Nanometer (nm) is a unit of Length used in Metric system.

Yard: A Unit of Length

A yard is a unit of length that is equal to 3 feet or 36 inches in the imperial and U.S. customary systems of measurement. It is also equal to 0.9144 meter in the International System of Units (SI). A distance of 1,760 yards is equal to 1 mile. The symbol for yard is yd.

How to Convert Yard

To convert a yard to other units of length, you can use the following formulas:

• To convert a yard to feet, multiply by 3. For example, 5 yd = 5 x 3 ft = 15 ft.
• To convert a yard to inches, multiply by 36. For example, 5 yd = 5 x 36 in = 180 in.
• To convert a yard to meters, multiply by 0.9144. For example, 5 yd = 5 x 0.9144 m = 4.572 m.
• To convert a yard to centimeters, multiply by 91.44. For example, 5 yd = 5 x 91.44 cm = 457.2 cm.
• To convert a yard to millimeters, multiply by 914.4. For example, 5 yd = 5 x 914.4 mm = 4572 mm.
• To convert a yard to kilometers, divide by 1093.6133. For example, 5 yd = 5 / 1093.6133 km = 0.00457 km.

Where Yard is Used

The yard is mainly used in the United States, the United Kingdom and some other countries that have historical ties with them. It is used for measuring length, distance, area and volume in various contexts such as:

• Sports: The yard is used for measuring the length of a football field (100 yd), the width of a soccer field (70 yd), the height of a basketball hoop (10 ft or 3.33 yd) and the distance between bases in baseball (90 ft or 30 yd).
• Textiles: The yard is used for measuring the length of fabrics and yarns (e.g., a yard of cloth, a skein of yarn).
• Construction: The yard is used for measuring the dimensions of buildings and structures (e.g., a yardstick, a cubic yard of concrete).
• Transportation: The yard is used for measuring the speed and distance of vehicles (e.g., miles per hour, yards per second).

Definition of the Yard

The current definition of the yard was established by an international agreement in 1959 as exactly 0.9144 meter. This definition was based on a prototype bronze bar that was forged in 1855 as an exact copy of the British Imperial Standard Yard held by Parliament. The prototype bar was called Bronze Yard No.11 and was the official standard of length for the United States until 1892.

The yard is defined as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of

(1/299792458) × (3600/3937)

History of the Yard

The origin of the yard measure is uncertain. It may have derived from the old English unit of tax assessment called the yardland, which was equal to 1/4 hide or about 30 acres. It may also have derived from the old English unit of surveying called the rod, which was equal to 1/4 chain or about 16 (1/2) feet.

The word “yard” comes from the old English word “gerd” or “gyrd”, which meant a branch, a staff or a measuring rod. The word “yard” was first used to describe this length in William Langland’s poem Piers Plowman in the late 14th century.

The first official standard for the yard was established by King Henry I of England in the early 12th century. He ordered that the yard should be equal to the length of his arm from the tip of his nose to the end of his thumb.

The yard was also used in other countries, such as Scotland, Ireland, France and Spain, with slight variations in length. For example, the Scottish yard was equal to 37 inches, the Irish yard was equal to 40 inches, the French yard was equal to 39.37 inches and the Spanish yard was equal to 32.38 inches.

The yard underwent several changes and refinements over the centuries, until it was finally standardized as 0.9144 meter in 1959 by an international agreement between the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

Example Conversions of Yard to Other Units

Here are some example conversions of yard to other units of length:

• 1 yd = 3 ft
• 1 yd = 36 in
• 1 yd = 0.9144 m
• 1 yd = 91.44 cm
• 1 yd = 914.4 mm
• 1 yd = 1/1093.6133 km

Nanometer: A Unit of Length

Definition of the Nanometer

A nanometer or nanometre (international spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) of a meter (0.000 000 001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometer can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10-9 m, and as 1/1 000 000 000 metres.

History of the Nanometer

The nanometer was formerly known as the millimicrometre - or, more commonly, the millimicron for short - since it is 1/1000 of a micrometre, and was often denoted by the symbol mµ or, more rarely, as µµ. The name combines the SI prefix nano- (from the Ancient Greek nanos, “dwarf”) with the parent unit name metre (from Greek metron, “unit of measurement”).

The nanometer was first used in the late 19th century by scientists who studied light and optics, such as Lord Rayleigh and Albert Michelson. They used interferometers to measure wavelengths of light in nanometers. In the early 20th century, the nanometer was also used by physicists who studied atomic and molecular structures, such as Ernest Rutherford and Niels Bohr. They used spectroscopy and scattering experiments to determine the sizes and distances of atoms and molecules in nanometers. In the mid-20th century, the nanometer was also used by chemists and biologists who studied colloids and macromolecules, such as The Svedberg and Linus Pauling. They used ultracentrifuges and X-ray diffraction to measure the sizes and shapes of particles and polymers in nanometers.

In the late 20th century, the nanometer became more widely used as a result of the development of nanotechnology, which is the manipulation of matter at the nanoscale. Nanotechnology involves various fields of science and engineering, such as electronics, materials, medicine, energy and environment. Nanotechnology enables the creation of new devices and systems with novel properties and functions that depend on their nanoscale dimensions.

How to Convert Nanometer

To convert nanometer to other units of length, one can use the following conversion factors:

• 1 nanometer = 10^-9 meter
• 1 nanometer = 10^-6 millimeter
• 1 nanometer = 10^-3 micrometer
• 1 nanometer = 10 angstrom
• 1 nanometer = 3.937 × 10^-8 inch
• 1 nanometer = 3.281 × 10^-9 foot

To convert other units of length to nanometer, one can use the inverse of these conversion factors.

Where Nanometer is Used

The nanometer is often used to express dimensions on an atomic scale and mostly in the molecular scale. For example:

• The diameter of a helium atom is about 0.06 nm
• The diameter of a water molecule is about 0.28 nm
• The thickness of a DNA strand is about 2 nm
• The diameter of a ribosome is about 20 nm
• The thickness of a cell membrane is about 10 nm

The nanometer is also commonly used to specify the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation near the visible part of the spectrum: visible light ranges from around 400 to 700 nm. For example:

• The wavelength of violet light is about 400 nm
• The wavelength of green light is about 550 nm
• The wavelength of red light is about 700 nm

The nanometer is also used to describe typical feature sizes in successive generations of the ITRS Roadmap for miniaturized semiconductor device fabrication in the semiconductor industry. For example:

• The transistor gate length in Intel’s Pentium processor (1993) was about 800 nm
• The transistor gate length in Intel’s Core processor (2006) was about 65 nm
• The transistor gate length in Intel’s Tiger Lake processor (2020) was about 10 nm

The nanometer is used in different countries for different applications, depending on their level of development and innovation in nanotechnology. For example:

• In Japan, nanotechnology is used for improving the performance and efficiency of solar cells, batteries, fuel cells, sensors, and displays.
• In China, nanotechnology is used for developing new materials, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and nanocomposites, for various industries, such as aerospace, automotive, and textile.
• In India, nanotechnology is used for addressing social and environmental challenges, such as water purification, health care, agriculture, and energy.

Example Conversions of Nanometer to Other Units

Here are some example conversions of nanometer to other units of length:

• 1 nm = 10^-9 m
• 10 nm = 10^-8 m
• 100 nm = 10^-7 m
• 1000 nm = 10^-6 m = 1 µm
• 10 000 nm = 10^-5 m = 10 µm
• 100 000 nm = 10^-4 m = 100 µm
• 1 000 000 nm = 10^-3 m = 1 mm