Us Short Hundredweights to Ounces
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1 us short hundredweight (us cwt) = 1600 ounce (oz). Us Short Hundredweight (us cwt) is a unit of Weight used in Standard system. Ounce (oz) is a unit of Weight used in Standard system.

An Introduction to US Short Hundredweights

US short hundredweights are a unit of weight in the US customary system that are equal to 100 pounds. They are also known as centals or simply hundredweights, and are commonly used for measuring the quantities of some agricultural products or industrial materials. In this article, we will explore the definition, history, conversion and usage of US short hundredweights.

Definition of US Short Hundredweights

A US short hundredweight is a unit of weight in the US Customary System equal to 100 pounds (45.36 kilograms). The symbol for US short hundredweight is cwt, and it is derived from the Latin word centum, meaning “hundred”. A US short hundredweight is also equivalent to 45.359237 kilograms, 0.05 US short tons or 0.045359237 metric tons.

History of US Short Hundredweights

US short hundredweights were introduced as a unit of measurement in the US and Canada in the late 18th or early 19th century, as a way to simplify the trading of some goods between countries. They were based on the British imperial system, which defined one hundredweight as 112 pounds. However, since the British hundredweight was too heavy for some purposes, such as measuring grains or livestock, the US and Canada adopted a lighter version of 100 pounds.

The US short hundredweight was also influenced by the French metric system, which was introduced in 1795 and used a base-ten system of units. The French system had a unit of mass called the quintal, which was equal to 100 kilograms or 220.462 pounds. The US short hundredweight was similar to the quintal, but slightly lighter.

The US short hundredweight was officially recognized by the US government in 1836, when it passed a law that defined one bushel of wheat as 60 pounds and one barrel of flour as 196 pounds. These measures were based on the US short hundredweight of 100 pounds.

The use of the US short hundredweight as a measurement has declined in recent years in favor of the metric system or other units such as pounds or tons. However, it is still used for some commodities such as grains, oilseeds, paper, and concrete additives.

How to Convert US Short Hundredweights

US short hundredweights can be easily converted to other units of weight by multiplying or dividing by appropriate factors. For example, to convert US short hundredweights to pounds, we multiply by 100; to convert US short hundredweights to kilograms, we multiply by 45.359237; to convert US short hundredweights to tons, we divide by 20.

Where US Short Hundredweights are Used

US short hundredweights are commonly used for measuring the quantities of some agricultural products or industrial materials in the US and Canada. Here are some examples:

• In agriculture, US short hundredweights are used for measuring the weight of grains such as wheat, corn, oats, barley, rye, and rice; oilseeds such as soybeans, canola, sunflower seeds, and flax seeds; hay and straw; sugar beets; and potatoes.
• In industry, US short hundredweights are used for measuring the weight of paper products such as newsprint, printing paper, tissue paper, and cardboard; concrete additives such as cement and fly ash; and steel products such as bars, rods, plates, and sheets.
• In commerce, US short hundredweights are used for pricing some commodities on futures exchanges such as the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) and the Minneapolis Grain Exchange (MGEX). For example, wheat futures contracts are quoted in cents per bushel based on a contract size of 5,000 bushels or 136 metric tons or 3,000 cwt.

Example Conversions of US Short Hundredweights to Other Units

Here are some example conversions of US short hundredweights to other units:

• To convert 2 cwt to lb, we multiply by 100: 2 cwt x 100 = 200 lb
• To convert 5 cwt to kg, we multiply by 45.359237: 5 cwt x 45.359237 = 226.796185 kg
• To convert 3 cwt to t, we divide by 20: 3 cwt / 20 = 0.15 t
• To convert 6 cwt to oz, we multiply by 1600: 6 cwt x 1600 = 9600 oz
• To convert 7 cwt to g, we multiply by 45359.237: 7 cwt x 45359.237 = 317513.659 g

Definition of the Ounce

The ounce is defined differently in different systems of measurement. The most common ounce is the international avoirdupois ounce, which is equal to 28.349523125 grams or 437.5 grains. This is the ounce that is used for most purposes, such as measuring food, postal items, fabric, paper and boxing gloves. The avoirdupois ounce is one-sixteenth of an avoirdupois pound, which is defined as 7000 grains.

Another ounce is the international troy ounce, which is equal to 31.1034768 grams or 480 grains. This is the ounce that is used for measuring precious metals and gems, such as gold, silver, platinum and diamonds. The troy ounce is one-twelfth of a troy pound, which is defined as 5760 grains.

A third ounce is the apothecaries’ ounce, which is also equal to 480 grains, but it is divided into eight drams instead of twelve pennyweights like the troy ounce. The apothecaries’ ounce is used for measuring medicines and drugs.

There are also other historical or regional ounces that have different values, such as the Spanish ounce, the French ounce, the Portuguese ounce, the Roman/Italian ounce, the Dutch metric ounce and the Chinese metric ounce.

How to Convert Ounces

Ounces can be converted to other units of weight by using conversion factors or formulas. Here are some examples of how to convert ounces to other units of weight in the US customary system and the SI system:

• To convert ounces to pounds, divide by 16. For example, 32 oz = 32/16 = 2 lb.
• To convert ounces to tons (short), divide by 32000. For example, 64000 oz = 64000/32000 = 2 tons.
• To convert ounces to grams, multiply by 28.349523125. For example, 4 oz = 4 x 28.349523125 = 113.3980925 g.
• To convert ounces to kilograms, multiply by 0.028349523125. For example, 8 oz = 8 x 0.028349523125 = 0.226796185 kg.
• To convert ounces to milligrams, multiply by 28349.523125. For example, 2 oz = 2 x 28349.523125 = 56699.04625 mg.
• To convert ounces to micrograms, multiply by 28349523.125. For example, 1 oz = 1 x 28349523.125 = 28349523.125 µg.

Where Ounces are Used

Ounces are used in different countries and regions for different applications and purposes. Here are some examples of where ounces are used:

• In the United States, ounces are used for measuring packaged foods and food portions, postal items, areal density of fabric and paper, boxing gloves and firearms.
• In the United Kingdom, ounces are used for measuring food portions and ingredients, woolen cloth and gold bullion.
• In Canada, ounces are used for measuring food portions and ingredients, precious metals and gems and liquor bottles.
• In Australia and New Zealand, ounces are used for measuring food portions and ingredients, precious metals and gems and baby weights.
• In China, ounces are used for measuring tea leaves and pearls.
• In India, ounces are used for measuring gold ornaments and silk fabrics.

History of Ounces

Ounces have a long history that dates back to ancient times. Here are some highlights of the history of ounces:

• The uncia was an ancient Roman unit of measurement that was one-twelfth of a Roman pound or libra. It was also used as a unit of volume and area.
• The uncia was borrowed into Old English as ynsan or yndsan from a Vulgar Latin form with ts for c before i (palatalization). This became inch in modern English.
• The uncia was also borrowed into Middle English through Anglo-Norman and Middle French as unce, once or ounce. This became ounce in modern English.
• The ounce was divided into different fractions and multiples, such as the dram, the pennyweight, the scruple and the mark.
• The ounce was used in different systems of measurement, such as the imperial system, the US customary system, the troy system and the apothecaries’ system.
• The ounce was standardized by international agreements, such as the international yard and pound agreement of 1959 and the international troy ounce agreement of 1958.

Example Conversions of Ounces to Other Units

Here are some examples of conversions of ounces to other units of weight:

• 1 oz = 0.0625 lb
• 1 oz = 0.00003125 ton
• 1 oz = 28.349523125 g
• 1 oz = 0.028349523125 kg
• 1 oz = 28349.523125 mg
• 1 oz = 28349523.125 µg
• 1 oz = 0.911458333 troy oz
• 1 oz = 0.911458333 apothecaries’ oz
• 1 oz = 1.041666667 Spanish oz
• 1 oz = 0.927272727 French oz