Miles Per Minute to Mach
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Conversion Table

How to convert

1 mile per minute (mi/min) = 0.078819889 mach (M). Mile Per Minute (mi/min) is a unit of Speed used in Metric system. Mach (M) is a unit of Speed used in Metric system.

Miles per minute: a unit of speed

Miles per minute is a unit of speed that measures how many miles an object travels in one minute. It is commonly used in the United States and some other countries that use the imperial or US customary system of measurement. One mile per minute is equal to 60 miles per hour or 96.56 kilometers per hour.

How to convert miles per minute

To convert miles per minute to other units of speed, we can use the following formulas:

• To convert miles per minute to miles per hour, multiply by 60. For example, 3 miles per minute = 3 x 60 = 180 miles per hour.
• To convert miles per minute to feet per second, multiply by 88. For example, 3 miles per minute = 3 x 88 = 264 feet per second.
• To convert miles per minute to kilometers per hour, multiply by 96.56. For example, 3 miles per minute = 3 x 96.56 = 289.68 kilometers per hour.
• To convert miles per minute to meters per second, multiply by 26.8224. For example, 3 miles per minute = 3 x 26.8224 = 80.4672 meters per second.
• To convert miles per minute to knots, multiply by 51.852. For example, 3 miles per minute = 3 x 51.852 = 155.556 knots.
• To convert miles per minute to mach, divide by 49.17. For example, 3 miles per minute = 3 / 49.17 = 0.061 mach.

Where miles per minute are used

Miles per minute are used in various contexts and applications that involve speed or distance measurement. Some examples are:

• In aviation, miles per minute are used to measure the rate of climb or descent of an aircraft. For example, an aircraft that climbs at a rate of 5 miles per minute has a vertical speed of 300 feet per second or 1828 meters per minute.
• In rail transport, miles per minute are used to measure the speed of trains or locomotives. For example, a train that travels at a speed of 2 miles per minute has a horizontal speed of 120 miles per hour or 193 kilometers per hour.
• In sports, miles per minute are used to measure the pace or performance of runners or cyclists. For example, a runner who runs a mile in 4 minutes has a pace of 0.25 miles per minute or 15 minutes per mile.
• In engineering, miles per minute are used to measure the rotational speed of machines or devices. For example, a fan that rotates at a speed of 0.1 miles per minute has an angular speed of 6 degrees per second or 0.105 radians per second.

Definition of the miles per minute

Miles per minute is defined as the ratio of the distance traveled in miles to the time elapsed in minutes. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:

miles per minute = distance in miles / time in minutes

Alternatively, it can be derived from the definition of the mile and the definition of the minute. A mile is defined as the length of one arc-minute along the equator of the Earth, which is approximately equal to 1609 meters. A minute is defined as one sixtieth of an hour, which is equal to 60 seconds.

History of miles per minute

The origin of the mile as a unit of length can be traced back to ancient Rome, where it was defined as one thousand paces or steps (mille passus in Latin). The Roman mile was about 1480 meters long and was divided into eight stadia or furlongs, each consisting of 125 paces.

The origin of the minute as a unit of time can be traced back to ancient Babylon, where it was defined as one sixtieth of an hour (mina in Babylonian). The Babylonian hour was based on the sexagesimal system of counting, which used base 60 instead of base 10. The Babylonian minute was about 4 seconds long and was divided into 60 seconds.

The combination of the mile and the minute as a unit of speed was first used in the 17th century by astronomers and navigators, who needed to measure the angular speed of celestial objects or the linear speed of ships. For example, in 1676, the Danish astronomer Ole Romer used miles per minute to estimate the speed of light by observing the eclipses of Jupiter’s moons.

The use of miles per minute as a unit of speed became more widespread in the 18th and 19th centuries, especially in the fields of transportation and engineering. For example, in 1804, the British engineer Richard Trevithick built the first steam locomotive that could reach a speed of one mile per minute. In 1903, the American brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright made the first powered flight that could achieve a speed of two miles per minute.

The use of miles per minute as a unit of speed declined in the 20th and 21st centuries, as more countries adopted the metric system and its units of speed, such as kilometers per hour or meters per second. However, miles per minute are still used in some contexts and applications, especially in the United States and some other countries that use the imperial or US customary system of measurement.

Example conversions of miles per minute to other units

Here are some examples of converting miles per minute to other units of speed:

• 1 mile per minute = 60 miles per hour
• 1 mile per minute = 88 feet per second
• 1 mile per minute = 96.56 kilometers per hour
• 1 mile per minute = 26.8224 meters per second
• 1 mile per minute = 51.852 knots
• 1 mile per minute = 0.0203 mach
• 1 mile per minute = 0.0000052 light speed

Mach number

Definition of Mach

Mach, commonly denoted M or Ma, is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound. It is named after the Austrian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach, who studied gas dynamics and shock waves. Mach number is used to classify the flow regimes based on the effects of compressibility and shock waves on the flow.

How to Convert Mach

To convert mach to other units of speed, we need to multiply by the local speed of sound in the medium, which depends on the temperature and pressure of the gas. For example, to convert mach to meters per second, we need to multiply by the speed of sound in air at sea level, which is about 340 m/s. To convert mach to kilometers per hour, we need to multiply by the speed of sound in air at sea level and by 3.6, since there are 3.6 seconds in one hour.

Here are some examples of how to convert mach to other units of length in the US Standard system and the SI system:

• To convert 1 M to meters per second (m/s), we multiply by 340: 1 M x 340 = 340 m/s
• To convert 2 M to kilometers per hour (km/h), we multiply by 340 and by 3.6: 2 M x 340 x 3.6 = 2448 km/h
• To convert 3 M to miles per hour (mph), we multiply by 340 and by 2.2369362920544, since there are 2.2369362920544 miles in one kilometer: 3 M x 340 x 2.2369362920544 = 2285.714285714 mph
• To convert 4 M to feet per second (fps), we multiply by 340 and by 3.2808398950131, since there are 3.2808398950131 feet in one meter: 4 M x 340 x 3.2808398950131 = 4465.306122449 fps
• To convert 5 M to knots (kn), we multiply by 340 and by 1.9438444924406, since there are 1.9438444924406 nautical miles in one kilometer: 5 M x 340 x 1.9438444924406 = 3316.326530612 kn
• To convert 6 M to centimeters per second (cm/s), we multiply by 340 and by 100, since there are 100 centimeters in one meter: 6 M x 340 x 100 = 204000 cm/s

Where Mach Is Used

Mach is used in various fields of science and technology where the speed and direction of movement of objects or phenomena are measured or applied in relation to the speed of sound in the medium. For example:

• In aerodynamics and aeronautics, mach is used to measure the speed and performance of aircraft, rockets, missiles, and other flying vehicles, as well as the effects of air resistance, drag, lift, and thrust on them.
• In acoustics and sound engineering, mach is used to measure the intensity and frequency of sound waves, as well as the effects of reflection, refraction, diffraction, interference, and Doppler shift on them.
• In meteorology and climatology, mach is used to measure the speed and direction of wind, storms, hurricanes, tornadoes, and other weather phenomena, as well as the effects of temperature, pressure, humidity, and density on them.

History of Mach

The concept of mach number was first introduced by Swiss engineer Jakob Ackeret in his doctoral thesis in 1929. He proposed it as a convenient way to express the ratio of flow velocity to speed of sound in gas dynamics problems. He also named it after Ernst Mach, who had conducted experiments on supersonic projectiles and shock waves in the late nineteenth century.

The term mach number was later popularized by German-American engineer Theodore von Karman, who used it extensively in his research on aerodynamics and supersonic flight in the early twentieth century. He also established the first supersonic wind tunnel at Caltech in 1939.

The first human-made object to break the sound barrier was a rocket-powered plane called Bell X-1 piloted by Chuck Yeager in October 1947. He achieved a speed of about Mach 1.06 at an altitude of 13,000 meters.
The first human to travel faster than sound was Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, who orbited the Earth at a speed of about Mach 25 in April 1961.
The fastest manned aircraft ever flown was the North American X-15, which reached a speed of about Mach 6.7 in October 1967.

The fastest unmanned aircraft ever flown was the NASA X-43A, which reached a speed of about Mach 9.6 in November 2004.

Example Conversions of Mach to Other Units

Here are some examples of how to convert mach to other units of speed, using the conversion factors given above:

• To convert 1 M to meters per second, we multiply by 340: 1 M x 340 = 340 m/s
• To convert 2 M to kilometers per hour, we multiply by 340 and by 3.6: 2 M x 340 x 3.6 = 2448 km/h
• To convert 3 M to miles per hour, we multiply by 340 and by 2.2369362920544: 3 M x 340 x 2.2369362920544 = 2285.714285714 mph
• To convert 4 M to feet per second, we multiply by 340 and by 3.2808398950131: 4 M x 340 x 3.2808398950131 = 4465.306122449 fps
• To convert 5 M to knots, we multiply by 340 and by 1.9438444924406: 5 M x 340 x 1.9438444924406 = 3316.326530612 kn
• To convert 6 M to centimeters per second, we multiply by 340 and by 100: 6 M x 340 x 100 = 204000 cm/s
• To convert 7 M to millimeters per minute, we multiply by 340 and by 1000, since there are 1000 millimeters in one meter, and multiply by 60, since there are 60 minutes in one hour: 7 M x 340 x 1000 x 60 = 142800000 mm/min